LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE PROCEDURE OF THECONCLUSION OF TREATIES ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE PROCEDURE OF THECONCLUSION OF TREATIES
(Adopted at the 17th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 28, 1990, promulgated by
Order No. 37 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
December 28, 1990, and effective as of the same date)
Article 1
The present Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution of the
People's Republic of China.
Article 2
This Law shall be applicable to bilateral or multilateral treaties and
agreements and other instruments of the nature of a treaty or agreement
concluded between the People's Republic of China and foreign states.
Article 3
The State Council, that is, the Central People's Government, of the
People's Republic of China shall conclude treaties and agreements with
foreign states.
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's
Republic of China shall decide on the ratification and abrogation of
treaties and important agreements concluded with foreign states.
The President of the People's Republic of China shall, in accordance with
decisions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress,
ratify and abrogate treaties and important agreements concluded with
foreign states.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China shall,
under the leadership of the State Council, administer the specific affairs
concerning the conclusion of treaties and agreements with foreign states.
Article 4
The People's Republic of China shall conclude treaties and agreements with
other states in the name of:
(1) the People's Republic of China;
(2) the Government of the People's Republic of China;
(3) the governmental departments of the People's Republic of China.
Article 5
The decision to negotiate and sign treaties and agreements shall be made
according to the following procedures:
(1) in the case of a treaty or agreement to be negotiated and signed in
the name of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in conjunction
with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall make a recommendation and draw
up a draft treaty or agreement of the Chinese side and submit it to the
State Council for examination and decision;
(2) in the case of a treaty or agreement to be negotiated and signed in
the name of the Government of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council
shall make a recommendation and draw up a draft treaty or agreement of the
Chinese side and, after consultation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
submit it to the State Council for examination and decision. In the case
of an agreement concerning a specific line of business, its Chinese draft
shall, with the consent of the State Council, be examined and decided upon
by the department concerned under the State Council or when necessary in
consultation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
(3) agreements to be negotiated and signed in the name of a governmental
department of the People's Republic of China concerning matters within the
scope of functions and powers of the department concerned shall be decided
upon by the department itself or after consultation with the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs. In the case of an agreement relating to matters of major
importance or matters falling within the functions and powers of other
departments under the State Council, the department concerned shall submit
it by itself or after consultation with the other departments concerned
under the State Council, to the State Council for decision. The draft
agreement of the Chinese side shall be examined and decided upon by the
department concerned or when necessary in consultation with the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs.
When major modification in the Chinese draft of a treaty or agreement
already examined and decided upon by the State Council are necessary as a
result of negotiation, the revised draft shall be submitted to the State
Council for examination and decision.
Article 6
Representatives for negotiating and signing treaties or agreements shall
be appointed according to the following procedures:
(1) In the case of a treaty or agreement to be concluded in the name of
the People's Republic of China or the Government of the People's Republic
of China, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the department concerned
under the State Council shall submit a report to the State Council for the
appointment of a representative. The full powers of the representative
shall be signed by the Premier of the State Council, but may also be
signed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
(2) In the case of an agreement to be concluded in the name of a
governmental department of the People's Republic of China, a
representative shall be appointed by the head of the department concerned.
The letter of authorization for the representative shall be signed by the
head of the department. Where the head of a department signs an agreement
concluded in the name of the governmental department, and where the
contracting parties agree that it is necessary for the head of the
department to produce full powers, the full powers shall be signed by the
Premier of the State Council, but may also be signed by the Minister of
Foreign Affairs.
The following persons shall dispense with full powers for negotiating and
signing treaties and agreements:
(1) the Premier of the State Council, the Minister of Foreign Affairs;
(2) the head of a diplomatic mission of the People's Republic of China who
negotiates and signs treaties and agreements concluded between China and
the state to which he is accredited, unless it is otherwise agreed by the
contracting parties;
(3) the head of a governmental department of the People's Republic of
China who negotiates and signs the agreements concluded in the name of his
department, unless it is otherwise agreed by the contracting parties;
(4) the person, dispatched to an international conference or accredited to
an international organization by the People's Republic of China, who is at
the same time the representative for negotiating treaties or agreements in
that conference or organization, unless it is otherwise agreed by the
conference or otherwise provided for in the constitution of the
organization.
Article 7
The ratification of treaties and important agreements shall be decided
upon by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
The treaties and important agreements referred to in the preceding
paragraph are as follows:
(1) treaties of friendship and cooperation, treaties of peace and similar
treaties of a political nature;
(2) treaties and agreements relating to territory and delimitation of
boundary lines;
(3) treaties and agreements relating to judicial assistance and
extradition;
(4) treaties and agreements which contain stipulations inconsistent with
the laws of the People's Republic of China;
(5) treaties and agreements which are subject to ratification as agreed by
the contracting parties; and
(6) other treaties and agreements subject to ratification.
After the signing of a treaty or an important agreement, the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in
conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall submit it to the
State Council for examination and verification; the State Council shall
then refer it to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
for decision on ratification; the President of the People's Republic of
China shall ratify it in accordance with the decision of the Standing
Committee of the National People's Congress.
After the ratification of a bilateral treaty or an important bilateral
agreement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall execute the formalities
for the exchange of the instruments of ratification with the other
contracting party. After the ratification of a multilateral treaty or an
important multilateral agreement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall
execute the formalities for the deposit of the instrument of ratification
with the depositary state or international organization. The instrument of
ratification shall be signed by the President of the People's Republic of
China and countersigned by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Article 8
After the signing of the agreements and other instruments of the nature of
a treaty which do not fall under paragraph 2, Article 7 of this Law and
which are subject to approval as prescribed by the State Council or as
agreed by the contracting parties, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the
departments concerned under the State Council in conjunction with the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall submit them to the State Council for
approval. After the approval of agreements and other instruments of the
nature of a treaty, in the case of a bilateral one, the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs shall execute the formalities for the exchange of the
instruments of approval with the other contracting party or for mutual
notification of the approval by diplomatic notes. In the case of a
multilateral one, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall execute the
formalities for the deposit of the instrument of approval with the
depositary state or international organization concerned. The instrument
of approval shall be signed by the Premier of the State Council, but may
also be signed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Article 9
After the signing of the agreements which need no decision on ratification
by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or approval by
the State Council, the agreements shall be submitted by the departments
concerned under the State Council to the State Council for the record,
except those agreements concluded in the name of the governmental
departments of the People's Republic of China which are to be submitted by
these departments to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for registration.
Article 10
If the two contracting parties need to go through different domestic legal
procedures for the entry into force of the same treaty or agreement, the
said treaty or agreement shall enter into force after the accomplishment
by the two parties of their respective legal procedures and the mutual
notification by diplomatic notes.
After the signing of the treaties and agreements listed in the preceding
paragraph, the formalities of ratification, approval, entry on the record
or registration shall be executed as the case requires in accordance with
Articles 7, 8 or 9 of this Law. The formalities of notification by note
shall be completed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Article 11
The decision to accede to multilateral treaties or agreements shall be
made by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or the
State Council as the case requires. The procedures for acceding to
multilateral treaties and agreements shall be as follows:
(1) to accede to a multilateral treaty or an important multilateral
agreement listed in Paragraph 2, Article 7 of this Law, the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in
conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall make a
recommendation after examination and submit it to the State Council for
examination and verification; the State Council shall then refer it to the
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for decision on
accession. The instrument of accession shall be signed by the Minister of
Foreign Affairs, and the specific formalities executed by the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs;
(2) to accede to a multilateral treaty or agreement other than those
listed in Paragraph 2, Article 7 of this Law, the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs or the department concerned under the State Council in conjunction
with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall make a recommendation after
examination and submit it to the State Council for decision on accession.
The instrument of accession shall be signed by the Minister of Foreign
Affairs, and the specific formalities executed by the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs.
Article 12
The decision to accept a multilateral treaty or an agreement shall be made
by the State Council.
In the case of a multilateral treaty or agreement containing clauses of
acceptance which is signed by the Chinese representative or does not
require any signature, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the department
concerned under the State Council in conjunction with the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs shall make a recommendation after examination and submit
it to the State Council for decision on acceptance. The instrument of
acceptance shall be signed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and the
specific formalities executed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Article 13
A bilateral treaty or agreement concluded by the People's Republic of
China with a foreign state shall be done in the Chinese language and the
official language of the other contracting party, both texts being equally
authentic. When necessary, a text in the language of a third state agreed
upon by the two contracting parties may be executed in addition as a
third, equally authentic, official text or an unofficial text for
reference. It may be stipulated by agreement of the two contracting
parties that the third text shall prevail in case of divergence of
interpretation of the treaty or agreement.
For agreements on specific lines of business and treaties and agreements
concluded with international organizations, a single language fairly
commonly used internationally may also be used by agreement of the two
contracting parties or in accordance with the provisions of the
constitutions of the international organizations concerned.
Article 14
Signed originals of bilateral treaties and agreements concluded in the
name of the People's Republic of China or the Government of the People's
Republic of China and copies of multilateral treaties and agreements
certified as true by the depositary states or international organizations
concerned shall be deposited with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Signed
originals of bilateral agreements concluded in the name of the
governmental departments of the People's Republic of China shall be
deposited with these departments.
Article 15
A treaty or an important agreement of which the Standing Committee of the
National People's Congress has decided on ratification or accession shall
be published in the bulletin of the Standing Committee of the National
People's Congress. The measures for publishing other treaties and
agreements shall be made by the State Council.
Article 16
Treaties and agreements concluded by the People's Republic of China shall
be compiled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs into a collection of the
Treaties of the People's Republic of China.
Article 17
Treaties and agreements concluded by the People's Republic of China shall
be registered with the Secretariat of the United Nations by the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs in accordance with the relevant provisions of the
United Nations Charter. Treaties and agreements concluded by the People's
Republic of China that require registration with other international
organizations shall be registered by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or
the departments concerned under the State Council in accordance with the
respective constitutions of the international organizations.
Article 18
The procedures for the conclusion of a treaty or an agreement with an
international organization by the People's Republic of China shall follow
this Law and the constitution of the relevant international organization.
Article 19
The procedures for amendment to, abrogation of and withdrawal from
treaties and agreements concluded by the People's Republic of China shall
follow mutatis mutandis the procedures for the conclusion of the treaties
and agreements in question.
Article 20
The State Council may make regulations in accordance with this Law for its
implementation.
Article 21
This Law shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
湖南省社会治安综合治理条例
湖南省人大常委会
湖南省社会治安综合治理条例
湖南省人大常委会
(1993年9月6日经湖南省第八届人民代表大会常务委员会第四次会议通过 1993年10月1日起施行)
第一条 为维护社会治安秩序,保障改革开放和经济建设的顺利进行,根据全国人大常委会《关于加强社会治安综合治理的决定》和有关法律的规定,结合本省实际,制定本条例。
第二条 凡本省行政区域内的机关、团体、企业事业单位及其他组织和公民,均应遵守本条例。
第三条 社会治安综合治理的基本任务:动员和组织全社会的力量,运用政治、法律、行政、经济、文化、教育等多种手段,预防和惩治违法犯罪,保障社会稳定。
第四条 社会治安综合治理坚持打击和防范并举、治标和治本兼顾、重在治本的方针,实行属地管理、谁主管谁负责、专门工作与群众路线相结合的原则。
第五条 各级人民政府应加强对社会治安综合治理工作的领导,把社会治安综合治理工作列入国民经济和社会发展计划,并从人力、物力、财力上给予支持和保障。
第六条 县级以上社会治安综合治理委员会,乡、镇、街道社会治安综合治理领导小组,组织、指导、协调本地区社会治安综合治理工作,其主要职责:
(一)宣传贯彻有关社会治安综合治理的法律、法规和政策;
(二)贯彻执行同级人民政府和上级社会治安综合治理委员会的决定,根据本地区的社会治安情况作出部署,并督促实施;
(三)研究社会治安综合治理工作中的重大问题,提出解决的意见;
(四)总结推广社会治安综合治理的经验,决定本地区社会治安综合治理工作的表彰、批评事项;
(五)向人民政府或者有关主管部门、单位提出奖惩建议;
(六)办理本辖区内社会治安综合治理的其他事项。
第七条 机关、团体、企业事业单位,在社会治安综合治理工作中的任务:
(一)开展法制宣传教育工作;
(二)建立健全本单位的治安责任制,落实安全防范和治安管理措施,维护内部安全;
(三)协助有关部门调查与本单位有关的违法犯罪案件;
(四)调解本单位内部或者与本单位有关的民间纠纷;
(五)办理社会治安综合治理的其他事项。
各单位的主要负责人对本单位的社会治安综合治理工作负责。
第八条 村民委员会、居民委员会在社会治安综合治理工作中的任务:
(一)宣传法律、法规,进行防火、防盗、防破坏、防治安灾害事故等安全教育,增强村民、居民的遵纪守法观念,提高自防自治的能力;
(二)落实基层人民政府有关社会治安综合治理的措施;
(三)组织和管理以治保会成员为骨干的群众性自防自治队伍,维护好所辖区域的治安秩序;
(四)及时调解民间纠纷,防止矛盾激化,消除治安隐患;
(五)做好有轻微违法行为的村民、居民的帮助教育工作。
第九条 人民法院、人民检察院和公安、安全、司法行政部门应严格履行职责,依法打击各种违法犯罪活动,严惩严重危害社会治安的刑事犯罪分子,在社会治安综合治理工作中充分发挥骨干作用。
人民法院、人民检察院和公安、安全、司法行政部门应严格内部管理制度,从严治警,加强对执法人员的教育、管理,提高执法队伍的素质。
第十条 人民法院对罪犯判处管制、缓刑、单独判处剥夺政治权利以及对劳改人员裁定假释后,应及时通知其户口所在地的公安部门监管。
劳改部门应严格保外就医审批制度。对保外就医人员,应及时通知其户口所在地的公安部门监管;期满后,应及时将罪犯收监。
公安部门应加强对判处管制、缓刑、单独判处剥夺政治权利以及假释、保外就医人员的考察、监督和管理,村民委员会、居民委员会及有关单位应予协助。
第十一条 劳改、劳教部门要严格管教制度,提高改造工作质量,加强对罪犯和劳教人员的教育、挽救、改造和文化技术培训工作,为刑满释放、解除劳动教养人员的就业、就学创造条件,减少重新违法犯罪。
第十二条 劳动部门和有关部门应当通过介绍就业、组织起来就业、自谋职业、原单位安置等办法,妥善安置刑满释放、解除劳动教养人员。各单位在招工时,对刑满释放、解除劳动教养人员不得歧视。
第十三条 公安部门应加强对枪支弹药、管制刀具和易燃易爆、剧毒等危险品安全管理的监督检查工作;有关的生产、储存、运输、销售、使用单位必须严格管理制度。
对非法制造、贩卖、携带、存放枪支弹药、管制刀具的行为,必须依法严肃处理。
第十四条 公安、文化、新闻出版、广播电视、工商行政等部门应根据各自职责,密切配合,加强对宾馆、旅店、废旧物品回收、刻字、印刷、歌舞厅、卡拉OK厅、夜总会、影剧院、录像放映、电子游戏等行业的管理,建立健全严格的检查管理制度;依法查处走私、制作、出租、销
售、传播内容反动、淫秽和宣扬色情、凶杀、暴力、封建迷信的有害出版物的行为。
第十五条 公安、交通、铁路、民航等部门应加强对交通干线、车站、码头、机场的治安管理,严格检查违禁物品,严厉打击抢劫、盗窃运输物资、旅客财物和倒卖车、船、机票等违法犯罪活动。
第十六条 工商行政、城建、公安部门应加强对集贸市场、街道摊点的管理,做好治安防范工作。
第十七条 民政部门应切实抓好基层政权和群众性自治组织的建设,做好社会救济、社会福利、优抚安置等工作,加强城市流浪乞讨人员的收容遣送工作。
第十八条 教育部门应严格执行教育法律、法规,加强学校的思想政治工作;各类学校要提高学生入学率和巩固率,建立和完善对学生的法制教育、道德品质教育等行为规范教育制度,与社会、家庭配合,预防学生违法犯罪的发生,并做好有轻微违法行为的学生的帮助教育工作。
教育、公安部门应密切配合,办好工读学校。
第十九条 工会、共青团、妇联等群众团体,应根据各自职责和工作对象的特点,通过多种形式,加强对职工、青少年、妇女的政治思想教育、法制教育和道德教育。
第二十条 驻省人民解放军、人民武装警察部队应积极开展军民、警民共建精神文明活动,支持和配合地方搞好社会治安综合治理。各级人民武装部门应组织民兵积极参与社会治安综合治理,搞好治安联防等活动。
第二十一条 每个家庭都应教育家庭成员遵纪守法,加强邻里团结,做好安全防范工作。
监护人应对无行为能力和限制行为能力的被监护人切实履行监护责任。
第二十二条 公民应认真学法、守法,自觉遵守社会公德,维护社会治安秩序,勇于同违法犯罪行为作斗争。
第二十三条 公民为维护社会治安同违法犯罪分子作斗争牺牲的,按照《革命烈士褒扬条例》的规定,符合烈士条件的,授予烈士称号,并对其家属给予抚恤;不够烈士条件的,国家工作人员或者企业事业单位职工按因公牺牲的有关规定办理,其他公民由民政部门按照民政部《关于人
民群众因维护社会治安同犯罪分子进行斗争而致伤亡的抚恤问题的通知》的规定办理。
第二十四条 公民同违法犯罪行为作斗争致伤致残的,按工伤处理。其医疗费、生活补助费等依法由侵害人或者侵害人的监护人承担,侵害人或者侵害人的监护人确实无力承担的,由公民所在单位负责解决;没有工作单位的,由当地民政部门按照国家有关规定办理。
对同违法犯罪行为作斗争作出贡献的待业人员,当地劳动部门应当优先推荐和介绍其就业。
第二十五条 公民在同违法犯罪行为和治安灾害事故作斗争以及在调解民间纠纷中,人身受到伤害就医时,医疗单位应当及时抢救、治疗。拒绝或者延误抢救治疗的,卫生行政管理部门应追究医疗单位和直接责任人的责任。
第二十六条 公民因与违法犯罪行为作斗争,其生命财产安全受到威胁,公安部门和有关单位要采取相应措施予以保护。
第二十七条 认真执行本条例,符合下列条件之一的单位和个人,由人民政府、社会治安综合治理机构或者有关主管部门给予表彰、奖励:
(一)落实社会治安综合治理目标管理责任制成绩突出,社会治安秩序良好的;
(二)刑事案件、治安案件、重大治安灾害事故明显减少,预防、控制、查破重大刑事案件有显著成效的;
(三)见义勇为,同违法犯罪行为作斗争表现突出或者举报、揭发违法犯罪有重大立功表现的;
(四)在社会治安综合治理工作中有其他突出成绩的。
第二十八条 违反本条例,有下列情形之一的,不得被评为本年度精神文明先进单位;人民政府、社会治安综合治理机构或者有关主管部门根据各自的职责,可以对单位主要负责人和直接责任人予以批评教育或者行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任:
(一)忽视社会治安综合治理工作,导致本单位治安秩序混乱,严重影响正常生产、工作、生活秩序的;
(二)对单位内部不安定因素或者矛盾化解、调处不力,造成严重后果的;
(三)因教育管理不力,违法犯罪情况严重的;
(四)发生刑事案件或者重大治安事件隐瞒不报的;
(五)因管理混乱,排除治安隐患不力,导致重大治安灾害事故的;
(六)在社会治安综合治理工作中玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的。
第二十九条 本条例自1993年10月1日起施行。
1993年9月6日